Rankings / Cognitive — Prescription Stimulants

Adderall (amphetamine salts)

Cognitive · Prescription stimulant

Tier C+

High-risk evidence profile

dopaminecontrolled-substanceprescription
High-risk evidence profile
5.4 / 10
Tier C+
Ev 8 Bn 6.5 Sf 2

Bottom line

Read Off Label grades Adderall (amphetamine salts) as C+ (5.4/10) based on strong evidence, med-high benefit magnitude, and a high-risk safety profile.

Its high-risk evidence profile reflects a Safety score of 2/10; reported benefits and harms can differ by indication, dose, route, duration, and population.

Gold-standard ADHD treatment.

Studied, labeled, or reported-use context: IR: 5-40 mg/day in divided doses; XR: 10-30 mg/day — Rx; not individualized guidance.

Citation correction in progress

1 PubMed link was found to be unrelated to this entry and removed from public output. The remaining sources are shown below, but this row's claims and score still need a full source-by-source revalidation.

What the evidence says

Gold-standard ADHD treatment. In healthy individuals, benefits mostly limited to specific tasks (working memory, sustained attention) with small effect sizes. Tolerance develops. Cardiovascular risk is real, especially long-term.

Mechanism

Mixed amphetamine salts; potent DAT/NET reuptake inhibitor and TAAR1 agonist; also reverses transporter direction to force catecholamine release; elevated dopamine and norepinephrine in PFC

Studied, labeled, or reported dose & route

IR: 5-40 mg/day in divided doses; XR: 10-30 mg/day

This records doses and routes described in studies, approved labeling, clinical practice, or documented use. It is not individualized guidance and does not establish safety; context changes with indication, formulation, health history, monitoring, and other medicines.

Citations

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Common questions

What does the evidence show about Adderall (amphetamine salts)'s effects?
Read Off Label rates the evidence for Adderall (amphetamine salts) as Strong and the benefit magnitude as med-high, producing an overall grade of C+ (5.4/10). Gold-standard ADHD treatment.
What safety findings are reported for Adderall (amphetamine salts)?
Adderall (amphetamine salts) has a high risk profile in the database. High (addiction/dependence potential; BP/HR; anxiety; Schedule II) Legal status: Rx (Schedule II).
What does the low Safety score for Adderall (amphetamine salts) represent?
The Safety score is 2/10. It records the substantial harms described for one or more use contexts; the Benefit score, indication, dose, route, duration, population, and legal status remain separate parts of the evidence profile.
What doses or routes are reported for Adderall (amphetamine salts)?
IR: 5-40 mg/day in divided doses; XR: 10-30 mg/day This is context from studies, approved labeling, clinical practice, or documented use; it is not individualized guidance and does not establish safety.
How does Adderall (amphetamine salts) work?
Mixed amphetamine salts; potent DAT/NET reuptake inhibitor and TAAR1 agonist; also reverses transporter direction to force catecholamine release; elevated dopamine and norepinephrine in PFC

This is an independent synthesis of published research by a non-clinician. Scores are opinions supported by citations, not prescriptions. See the full disclaimer and methodology for how this score was produced and what it does and doesn't mean.